Ruby laser is one of the few solid state lasers that produce visible light.
Describe the construction and working of co2 laser.
It emits deep red light of wavelength 694 3 nm.
Laser medium the pump source and the optical resonator.
Reflect most part of the light but allows some part of the light to produce the laser beam.
Co2 lasers are no longer considered in this role.
It consists of a quartz tube 5 m long and 2 5 cm in the diameter.
Describe the construction and working of carbon dioxide laser.
Pressures maintained are about p for he 7 torr p for n2 1 2 torr.
The co2 gas laser uses a mixture of helium nitrogen and carbon dioxide as the active medium.
Construction of carbon dioxide laser.
A ruby laser consists of three important elements.
Co2 laser principle construction and working.
It was invented by kumar patel of bell labs in 1964 and is still one of the most useful.
Carbon dioxide lasers are the highest power continuous wave lasers that are currently available.
In this mixture the helium and nitrogen work in concert with the co2to produce the desired lasing effect.
The most fundamental form of a co 2 laser comprise a gas discharge along with a mix close to which specified above along with a total reflector at one end and an output coupler generally a semi reflective coated zinc selenide mirror at the output ending.
This discharge tube is filled with gaseous mixture of co2 active medium helium and nitrogen with suitable partial pressures.
Here the nitrogen gas acts as buffer gas just like the helium did in he ne laser.
The laser transition takes place between the vibrational states of co2molecules.
In a molecular gas laser laser action is achieved by transitions between vibrational and rotational levels of molecules.
In those days co2 lasers were developed for defense but it was soon realized that enough of the wavelength is absorbed in the atmosphere to cause severe problems in pointing and focusing the beam at long distances.
Co2 laser engraved walnut plaques were a popular item in the 1970s.
The helium neon lasers are most commonly used in college laboratories whereas the carbon dioxide lasers are used in industrial applications.
The discharge tube is filled with a mixture of carbon dioxide nitrogen and helium gases in the ratio of 1 2 3 with water vapors.
Working of helium neon laser.
Its construction is simple and the output of this laser is continuous in the co2 molecular gas laser transition takes place between the vibrational states of carbon dioxide molecules.
Carbon dioxide laser consists of a discharge tube having a diameter of 2 5cm and a length of about 5m.
The carbon dioxide laser was the rst high powered infrared laser developed.
The one in our laboratory is a new version that everything about it is something you can see touch and adjust from lling the tube with gas aligning the optical elements to measuring the output power and wavelengths.
The output coupler reflectivity is usually around 5 to 15 percent.
The ratio of output power to pump power can be as large as 20.
Its output can exceed.
Construction of ruby laser.
